John Robyt Publications

Professor
Carbohydrate chemistry and enzymology
Mechanisms of enzyme action
Polysaccharide structure, function, degradation and biosynthesis
Chemical and enzymatic modification of carbohydrates to produce new biomaterials

Books
Robyt, J.F. (1997) Essentials of Carbohydrate Chemistry, Springer-Verlag, New York.

Robyt, J.F. and White, B.J. (1990) Biochemical Techniques: Theory and Practice, Waveland Press, Inc., Prospect Heights, IL.

Research Papers
Mukerjea, Ru., Slocum, G., Robyt, J. F. (2007) Determination of the maximum water solubility of eight native starches and the solubility of their acidic-methanol and –ethanol modified analogues. Carbohydr. Res. 342, 103–110.

Yoon, S.-H., Fulton, D. B., and Robyt, J. F. (2007) Formation of covalent β-linked carbohydrate-enzyme intermediate during the reactions catalyzed by α-amylases. Carbohydr. Res. 342, 55–64.

Mukerjea, Ru., Slocum, G., Mukerjea, Ro., and Robyt, J. F. (2006) Significant differences in the activities of α-amylases in the absence and presence of polyethylene glycol assayed on eight starches solubilized by two methods. Carbohydr. Res. 341: 2049–2054.

Yoon, S.-H. and Robyt, J.F. (2006) Optimized synthesis of specific sizes of maltodextrin glycosides by the coupling reactions of Bacillus macerans cyclomaltodextrin glucanyltransferase. Carbohydr. Res. 341, 210-217.

Mukerjea, R., Mukerjea, R. and Robyt, J.F. (2006) Controlled peeling of the surfaces of starch granules by gelatinization in aqueous dimethyl sulfoxide at selected temperatures. Carbohydr. Res. 341, 757-765.

Robyt, J.F. (2005) Inhibition, activation, and stabilization of alpha-amylase family enzymes. Biologia, Bratislava 60/Suppl. 16, 17-26.

Seo, E.S., Lee, J.H., Park, J.Y., Kim, D., Han, H.J. and Robyt, J.F. (2005) Enzymatic synthesis and anti-coagulant effect of salicin analogs by using the Leuconostoc mesenteroides glucansucrase acceptor reaction. J. Biotechnol. 117, 31-38.

Kang, H.K., Seo, M.Y., Seo, E.S., Kim, D., Chung, S.Y., Kimura, A., Day, D.F. and Robyt, J.F. (2005) Cloning and expression of levansucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512 FMC in Escherichia coli . Biochim. Biophys. Acta. 1727, 5-15.

Mukerjea, R. and Robyt, J.F. (2005) Starch biosynthesis: further evidence against the primer nonreducing-end mechanism and evidence for the reducing-end two-site insertion mechanism. Carbohydr. Res. 340, 2206-2211.

Mukerjea, R. and Robyt, J.F. (2005) Starch biosynthesis: the primer nonreducing-end mechanism versus the nonprimer reducing-end two-site insertion mechanism. Carbohydr. Res. 340, 245-255.

Yoon, S.H., and Robyt, J.F. (2005) Activation and stabilization of 10 starch-degrading enzymes by Triton X-100, polyethyleneglycols, and polyvinyl alcohols. Enzy. Microb. Tech. 37, 556-562.

Seo, E.S., Kim, D., Robyt, J.F., Day, D.F., Kim, D.W. and Park, H.J. (2004) Modified oligosaccharides as potential dental plaque control materials. Biotechnol. Prog. 20, 1550-1554.

Kang, H.K., Lee, J.H., Kim, D., Day, D.F., Robyt, J.F., Park, K.H. and Moon, T.W. (2004) Cloning and expression of Lipomyces starkeyi alpha-amylase in Escherichia coli and determination of some of its properties. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 233, 53-64.

Yoon, S.H., Fulton, D.B. and Robyt, J.F. (2004) Enzymatic synthesis of two salicin analogues by reaction of salicyl alcohol with Bacillus macerans cyclomaltodextrin glucanyltransferase and Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-742CB dextransucrase. Carbohydr. Res. 339, 1517-1529.

Kang, H.-K., Seo, E.-S., Robyt, J.F. and Kim, D. (2003) Directed evolution of a dextransucrase for increased constitutive activity and the synthesis of a highly branched dextran, J. Mol. Catal. B: Enzym., 26, 67–176.

Lee, S.-Y., Lee, J.-H., Robyt, J.F., Seo, E-S., Park, H.-J. and Kim, D. (2003) Demonstration of two independent dextranase and amylase active sites on a single enzyme elaborated by Lipomyces starkeyi KSM22, J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 13, 313–316.

Yoon, S.H. and Robyt, J.F. (2003) Study of the inhibition of four alpha amylases by acarbose and its 4IV-alpha-maltohexaosyl and 4IV-alpha-maltododecaosyl analogues. Carbohydr. Res. 338, 1969-1980.

Mukerjea, R. and Robyt, J.F. (2003) Starch biosynthesis: sucrose as a substrate for the synthesis of a highly branched component found in 12 varieties of starches. Carbohydr. Res. 338, 1811-1822.

Robyt, J.F. (2003) The development of the understanding of enzyme catalysis in the 20th century: Contributions from carbohydrate enzymes. J. Appl. Glycosci. 50, 147-155.

Kim, D., Robyt, J.F., Lee, S.Y., Lee, J.H. and Kim, Y.M. (2003) Dextran molecular size and degree of branching as a function of sucrose concentration, pH, and temperature of reaction of Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512FMCM dextransucrase. Carbohydr. Res. 338, 183-1189.

Yoon, S.H., Mukerjea, R. and Robyt, J.F. (2003) Specificity of yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in removing carbohydrates by fermentation. Carbohydr. Res. 338, 1127-1132.

Yook, C. and Robyt, J.F. (2002) Reactions of alpha amylases with starch granules in aqueous suspension giving products in solution and in a minimum amount of water giving products inside the granule. Carbohydr. Res. 337:113-1117.

Yoon, S.H. and Robyt, J.F. (2002) Bacillus macerans cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase transglycosylation reactions with different molar ratios of D-glucose and cyclomaltohexaose. Carbohydr. Res. 337, 2245-2254.

Yoon, S.H. and Robyt, J.F. (2002) Synthesis of acarbose analogues by transglycosylation reactions of Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512FMC and B-742CB dextransucrases. Carbohydr. Res. 337, 2427-2435.

Yoon, S.H. and Robyt, J.F. (2002) Addition of maltodextrins to the nonreducing-end of acarbose by reaction of acarbose with cyclomaltohexaose and cyclomaltodextrin glucanyltransferase. Carbohydr. Res. 337, 509-516.

Mukerjea, R., Yu, L. and Robyt, J.F. (2002) Starch biosynthesis: mechanism for the elongation of starch chains. Carbohydr. Res. 337, 1015-1022.

Robyt, J.F. (2001) General occurrence of carbohydrates. In "Glycoscience: Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Vol. 1", (Frazier-Reed, B., Tatsuta, K. and Thiem, J., eds.) Springer-Verlag: Berlin, pp. 75-114.

Lee, S.B., Park, K.H. and Robyt, J.F. (2001) Inhibition of beta-glycosidases by acarbose analogues containing cellobiose and lactose structures. Carbohydr. Res. 331, 13-18.

Lee, S.B. and Robyt, J.F. (2001) Trapping of a covalent enzyme intermediate in the reaction of Bacillus macerans cyclomaltodextrin glucanyltransferase with cyclomaltohexaose. Carbohydr. Res. 336, 47-53.

Chang, P.S., Mukerjea, R., Fulton, D.B. and Robyt, J.F. (2000) Action of Azotobacter vinelandii poly-beta-D-mannuronic acid C-5-epimerase on synthetic D-glucuronans. Carbohydr. Res. 329, 913-922.

Kim, Y.K. and Robyt, J.F. (2000) Enzyme modification of starch granules: formation and retention of cyclomaltodextrins inside starch granules by reaction of cyclomaltodextrin glucanosyltransferase with solid granules. Carbohydr. Res. 328, 509-515.

Kim, M.J., Park, W.S., Lee, H.S., Kim, T.J., Shin, J.H., Yoo, S.H., Cheong, T.K., Ryu, S., Kim, J.C., Kim, J.W., Moon, T.W., Robyt, J.F. and Park, K.H. (2000) Kinetics and inhibition of cyclomaltodextrinase from alkalophilic Bacillus sp. I-5. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 373, 110-115.

Robyt, J.F. (1999) Carbohydrates: Thin-layer (planar) chromatography. In "Encylcolpedia of Separation Science", (Wilson, I. D., Cooke, M. and Poole, C. F., eds.) Academic Press: San Diego, pp. 2235-2243.

Lee, S.J., Kim, J.C., Kim, M.J., Kitaoka, M., Park, C.S., Lee, S.Y., Ra, M.J., Moon, T.W., Robyt, J.F. and Park, K.H. (1999) Transglycosylation of naringin by Bacillus stearothermophilusMaltogenic amylase to give glycosylated naringin. J. Agric. Food Chem. 47, 3669-3674

Kim, M.J., Lee, S.B., Lee, H.S., Lee, S.Y., Baek, J.S., Kim, D., Moon, T.W., Robyt, J.F. and Park, K.H. (1999) Comparative study of the inhibition of alpha-glucosidase, alpha-amylase, and cyclomaltodextrin glucanosyltransferase by acarbose, isoacarbose, and acarviosine-glucose. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 371, 277-283.

Kim, Y.K. and Robyt, J.F. (1999) Enzyme modification of starch granules: in situ reaction of glucoamylase to give complete retention of D-glucose inside the granule. Carbohydr. Res. 318, 129-134.

Kitaoka, M. and Robyt, J.F. (1999) Mechanism of the action of Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512FMC dextransucrase: kinetics of the transfer of D-glucose to maltose and the effects of enzyme- and substrate-concentrations. Carbohydr. Res. 320, 183-191.

Park, K.H., Kim, M.J., Lee, H.S., Han, N.S., Kim, D. and Robyt, J.F. (1998) Transglycosylation reactions of Bacillus stearothermophilus maltogenic amylase with acarbose and various acceptors. Carbohydr. Res. 313, 235-246.

Kim, T.J., Shin, J.H., Oh, J.H., Kim, M.J., Lee, S.B., Ryu, S., Kwon, K., Kim, J.W., Choi, E.H., Robyt, J.F. and Park, K.H. (1998) Analysis of the gene encoding cyclomaltodextrinase from alkalophilic Bacillus sp. I-5 and characterization of enzymatic properties. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 353, 221-227.

Chang, P.S., Mukerjea, R. and Robyt, J.F. (1998) Measurement of the activity of polyuronic acid C-5 epimerases. Anal. Biochem. 258, 59-62.

Yu, L. and Robyt, J.F. (1998) Effects of water soluble constituents of clove on the activities of glucansucrases and the potential for the inhibition of dental plaque formation. Carbohydr. Letters 3, 9-16.

Chang, P.S. and Robyt, J.F. (1998) Oxidation of the primary alcohol groups of cylcomaltodextrins with 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidine oxoammonium ion. Carbohydr. Letters 3, 31-38.

Kitaoka, M. and Robyt, J.F. (1998) Use of a microtiter plate screening method for obtaining Leuconostoc mesenteroides mutants constitutive for glucansucrase. Enzyme Microbiol. Technol. 22, 527-531.

Kim, D., Park, K.H. and Robyt, J.F. (1998) Inhibition studies of dextran synthesis, acceptor- and disporportionation-reactions of Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512FMC. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 8, 287-290.

Kitaoka, M. and Robyt, J.F. (1998) Large-scale preparation of highly purified dextransucrase from a high-producing constitutive mutant of Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-512FMC. Enzyme Microbiol. Technol. 23, 386-391.

Han, N.S. and Robyt, J.F. (1998) The mechanism of Acetobacter xylinum cellulose biosynthesis: direction of chain elongation and the role of lipid pyrophosphate intermediates in the cell membrane. Carbohydr. Res. 313, 125-133.

Han, N.S. and Robyt, J.F. (1998) Separation and detection of sugars and alditols on thin layer chromatograms. Carbohydr. Res. 313, 135-137.

Robyt, J.F. (1998) Formation of new kinds of limit dextrins by modification of starch granules in acidic alcohols. Enzymes Carbohydr. Eng. 12, 1-22.

Robyt, J.F., Choe, J.Y., Hahn, R. S. and Fuchs, E. B. (1996) Acid modification of starch granules in alcohols: Effects of temperature, acid concentration, and starch concentration. Carbohydr. Res. 281, 203–218.

Robyt, J.F., Choe, J.Y., Fox, J.D., Hahn, R. S. and Fuchs, E. B. (1996) Acid modification of starch granules in alcohols: Reaction in mixtures of two alcohols combined in different ratios. Carbohydr. Res. 281, 141–150.

Kimura, A. and Robyt, J.F. (1996) Reaction of enzymes with starch granules: Reaction of isoamylase with native and gelatinized granules. Carbohydr. Res. 287: 255–261 (1996).

Kimura, A. and Robyt, J.F. (1996) Reaction of enzymes with starch granules: Enhanced reaction of glucoamylase with gelatinized starch granules. Carbohydr. Res. 288, 233–240.

Chang, P.S. and Robyt, J.F. (1996) Oxidation of primary alcohol groups of naturally occurring polysaccharides with 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidine oxoammonium ion. J. Carbohydr. Chem. 15, 819–830.

Mukerjea, R., Kim, D. and Robyt, J.F. (1996) Simplified and improved methylation analysis of saccharides using a modified procedure and thin-layer chromatography. Carbohydr. Res. 292, 11–20.

Robyt, J.F. (1996) Mechanism and action of glucansucrases. In "Carbohydrate Engineering, Vol. 12", (Park, K. H., Robyt, J. F. and Choi, Y.-D., eds.) Elsevier: Amsterdam, pp. 1-22.

Kim, D. and Robyt, J.F. (1996) Properties and uses of dextransucrases elaborated by a new class of Leuconostoc mesenteroides mutants. In "Carbohydrate Engineering, Vol. 12", (Park, K. H., Robyt, J. F. and Choi, Y.-D., eds.) Elsevier: Amsterdam, pp. 90-117.

Robyt, J.F. (1995) Mechanisms in the glucansucrase synthesis of polysaccharides and oligosaccharides from sucrose" Adv. Carbohydr. Chem. Biochem. 51, 133–168.

Robyt, J.F. (1995) Mechanism of synthesis of glucan chain, branching, and acceptor-products by glucansucrases", J. Appl. Glycosci. 42, 53–67.

Robyt, J.F. (1995) Properties and uses of dextrans and related glucans. Proc. Amer. Chem. Soc. Div. Polym. Material: Sci. Engineer. 72, 139–140.

Kim, D. and Robyt, J.F. (1995) Production, selection, and characteristics of mutants of Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-742 constitutive for dextransucrases. Enzyme Microbiol. Technol. 17, 689–695.

Robyt, J.F., Kim, D. and Yu, L. (1995) Mechanism of dextran activation of dextransucrase, Carbohydr. Res. 266, 293–299.

Kim, D. and Robyt, J.F. (1995) Dextransucrase constitutive mutants of Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-1299" Enzyme Microbiol. Technol. 17, 1050–1056.

Robyt, J.F. (1995) Mechanism of action of glucansucrases. Carbohydr. Bioenging. Prog. Biotech. 10, 295–312.

Kimura, A. and Robyt, J.F. (1995) Reaction of enzymes with starch granules: Kinetics and products of the reaction with glucoamylase" Carbohydr. Res. 277, 87-107.